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五十句英語(yǔ)翻譯
Date:2009-3-24
1. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned（使形成條件反射） mice to avoid saccharin（糖精） by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets.
[參考譯文]1975年，羅切斯特大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的心理學(xué)家Robert Ader在使老鼠對(duì)排斥糖精形成條件反射的試驗(yàn)中，喂食老鼠糖精的同時(shí)給它們注射了一種藥劑，這種藥在破壞老鼠的免疫系統(tǒng)的同時(shí)還會(huì)引起腹痛。
2. Where is industry’s and our recognition that protecting mankind’s great treasure is the single most important responsibility?
[參考譯文]企業(yè)和我們個(gè)人什么時(shí)候才能意識(shí)到保護(hù)人類(lèi)的資源寶藏是最最重要的責(zé)任呢？
3. If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.
[參考譯文]如果說(shuō)有需要環(huán)保專(zhuān)業(yè)人員站出來(lái)?yè)?dān)負(fù)起領(lǐng)導(dǎo)責(zé)任的最佳時(shí)機(jī)的話，現(xiàn)在可謂是正當(dāng)其時(shí)。
4. The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to “mass production methods more typical of European universities.”
[參考譯文]《泰晤士報(bào)》對(duì)此有同感，它報(bào)怨說(shuō)，由于學(xué)生人數(shù)激增，教學(xué)質(zhì)量受影響，因?yàn)閭�(gè)別指導(dǎo)不得不讓位于“歐洲大陸國(guó)家高校里慣有的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)方式”。
5. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make sense to add dozens of new man-made ones.
[參考譯文]盡管食品中已經(jīng)含有了天然的致癌物質(zhì)，但是，再人為地增加一些有毒物質(zhì)也是很不應(yīng)該的。
6. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000 years ago.
[參考譯文]通過(guò)研究巖石，陶器等一系列材料中含有的礦物顆粒，先前的研究人員已能夠確認(rèn)早在1.7億年發(fā)生的磁場(chǎng)兩極轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象，以及發(fā)生在73萬(wàn)年以前的最新一次兩極轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象。
7. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor impacts.
[參考譯文]有些理論將兩極轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象歸因于諸如隕星撞擊等外部因素。
8. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments.
[參考譯文]人們能夠?qū)W習(xí)的原因是：人的經(jīng)歷能夠帶來(lái)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)或懲罰。換言之，如果人的某一行為得到的是鼓勵(lì)，他重復(fù)這種行為；如果億的某一行為帶給他的是懲罰，他會(huì)避免這種行為。為了獲得鼓勵(lì)，避免懲罰，人會(huì)努力去做他人認(rèn)可的事情，從而不斷進(jìn)步。
9. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life-from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept.
[參考譯文]與事物的情感經(jīng)歷使我們產(chǎn)生了一種社會(huì)認(rèn)同感，即認(rèn)為某些事情或行為是好的，其他的是壞的。我們還把“好”和“壞”的分類(lèi)推而廣之，運(yùn)用于社會(huì)生活的方方面面，——從我們吃的，穿的，到如何守信以及與什么人為伍等。
10. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends.
[參考譯文]報(bào)告堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，當(dāng)前高校面臨的危機(jī)不是由將知識(shí)運(yùn)用于生產(chǎn)這一指導(dǎo)思想導(dǎo)致的，這一思想是完全正確的。
11. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor.
[參考譯文]然而，盡管人們正在大談特談即將到來(lái)的令人神往的科技王國(guó)，卻很少有人意識(shí)到這些技術(shù)發(fā)展中國(guó)家意味著什么。
12. The electronic economy made possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global market, —with destructive impact on the have-nots.
[參考譯文]信息技術(shù)使電子經(jīng)濟(jì)成為可能，而電子經(jīng)濟(jì)將進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)富國(guó)對(duì)全球市場(chǎng)的控制，從而給窮國(guó)家?guī)?lái)毀滅性的影響。
13. Home schoolers habor few kind words for public schools, charging shortcomings that range from lack of religious perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children.
[參考譯文]家庭教育的倡導(dǎo)對(duì)學(xué)校教育鮮有褒獎(jiǎng)，他們指責(zé)學(xué)校教育的種種弊端，從課和表上沒(méi)有宗教課到放牧的教育方法，不一而足。
14. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of programming within which the commercial is buried.
[參考譯文]最后，廣告人員還運(yùn)用各種方法使廣告節(jié)目的聲音不同于其他節(jié)目的聲音。
15. The act, designed to protect species’ living areas, and policies that preserve land and forests compete with economic interests.
[參考譯文]這一旨在保護(hù)動(dòng)物生活場(chǎng)所的法案以及一些保護(hù)土地及森林的政策卻與經(jīng)濟(jì)利益相抵觸。
16. Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties while acting just the contrary.
[參考譯文]你會(huì)說(shuō)以貌取人不是美國(guó)人的做法，這不公平，令人難以置信然而，科學(xué)家們又一次證明我們言行不一。
17. Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry industry.”
[參考譯文]工廠養(yǎng)殖業(yè)已不滿足于我國(guó)人口提供廉價(jià)食物的可疑說(shuō)法，進(jìn)一步提出了“讓貧困國(guó)家從家禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展中受益”的論調(diào)。
18. then came the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies.
[參考譯文]其次，美元對(duì)世界其他主要貨幣的比價(jià)下跌。
19. Bottom retail prices—anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia—have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994.
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[參考譯文]比歐洲和亞洲低30%~70%的零售價(jià)價(jià)格吸引了約四千七百萬(wàn)的游客于1994年涌入美國(guó)，而這些游客為美國(guó)留下了79億美元的收入。
20. It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive（欺騙性的）packaging rumpus（喧囂）started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10 1/2 ounces, without any reduction in price.
[參考譯文]參議員哈特一家在購(gòu)買(mǎi)合裝麥片時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，包裝盒變高了，變窄了，食品的分量也減少了，然而價(jià)格卻分文未降。據(jù)說(shuō)，由此在公眾和議會(huì)中引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于欺騙性商品包裝的軒然大波。
21. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product’s market position.
[參考譯文]生產(chǎn)包裝產(chǎn)品的商家極力反對(duì)在改變了包裝上原有分量的商品，但他們卻絲毫不反對(duì)為了擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)品的市場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，用于不斷改變包裝的大小、用料、形狀、制作工藝以及商品的凈重的大筆花費(fèi)。
22. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.
[參考譯文]如果生產(chǎn)工人不能有效地完成有關(guān)的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程，那么，與這些過(guò)程相關(guān)的管理和專(zhuān)業(yè)職位亦將不復(fù)存在。
23. The biographer has to dance between two shaky positions with respect to the subject.
全句的字面意思是：傳記作家不得不在與傳主所處的搖擺不定位置之間跳來(lái)跳致病去。
隱含之義為：傳記作家必須與傳主保持適當(dāng)距離，并要時(shí)常調(diào)整與傳主間的距離。
24. In book promotions, the “unauthorized” characterization usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress.
[參考譯文]推銷(xiāo)書(shū)時(shí)，未經(jīng)授權(quán)的傳記往往意味著讀者有可能從中讀到傳主不希望公之于眾的，繪聲繪色的內(nèi)幕故事。
25. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother’s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures.
[參考譯文]然而，在日本，由嬰兒從小背在母親背上，他們對(duì)眼睛的依戀就不如生長(zhǎng)在其他文化環(huán)境中的孩子那樣深。
26. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintainance of conversational flow becomes evident when tow speakers are wearing dark glasses…
[參考譯文]當(dāng)談話雙方戴著墨鏡時(shí)，雙方的目光接觸在保持交談順利進(jìn)行方面的重要性就不言而喻了。
27. Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits.
[參考譯文]其他的違法者或者逃亡國(guó)外，或者自殺，或者進(jìn)監(jiān)獄，計(jì)算機(jī)犯罪分子卻不同，他們可以逃避懲罰，并且要挾不要指控他們，甚至還要求為他們出具有利的推薦信或者為他們提供其他好處，他們的要求往往能夠得到滿足。
28. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium（鈾）in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market.
[參考譯文]用于采取進(jìn)一步的安全措施的費(fèi)用加上鈾價(jià)的上漲會(huì)使核能因價(jià)格過(guò)高而失去市場(chǎng)。
29. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than unclear power.
[參考譯文]權(quán)衡核能贊成者和反對(duì)者的論據(jù)之后，從經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)兩方面考慮，似乎有充分的理由認(rèn)為應(yīng)選用其他能源。
30. Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be.
[參考譯文]人們的穿著能夠暗示他們是什么樣的人，不是什么樣的人，或可能會(huì)是什么樣的人，因此，在我們判斷一個(gè)人時(shí)起著關(guān)鍵作用。
31. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it won’t secure you the big promotion.
[參考譯文]科爾曼得出的結(jié)論如下：如今出色的工作表現(xiàn)十分普遍，雖說(shuō)工作出色你可以加薪，但你未必能夠高升。
32. Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they’ve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down（使…不突出）their visibility.
[參考譯文]大多數(shù)女職員和黑人職員害怕人家說(shuō)自己是因?yàn)樾詣e或種族才得到提拔的，因此，他們盡量不去拋頭露面。
33. The Oxford dictionary can therefore stand more vigorous scrutiny for cultural bias than the Longman dictionary because the latter does not hesitate about viewing the rest of the world from the cultural perspectives of the English-speaking world.
[參考譯文]因此，《牛津詞典》比《朗讀曼詞典》更經(jīng)得起文化偏見(jiàn)的嚴(yán)格審視，因?yàn)楹笳呖偸钦f(shuō)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的視角來(lái)評(píng)判其他國(guó)家的文化現(xiàn)象。
34. In reality, though the BBC dictionary will be purchased by a far wider range of language learners, as will the other two dictionaries.
[參考譯文]實(shí)際上，BBC詞典將擁有比另外兩本詞典更廣的讀者群。
35. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple mindedness as he sees it-of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform.
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[參考譯文]由于警察認(rèn)為人們（市民，社會(huì)工作者，醫(yī)生，立法人員以及法官）頭腦簡(jiǎn)單—比如，法官不是重罰以消除犯罪而是量刑從輕以期促使罪犯改過(guò)自新—因此，他們與社會(huì)之間的隔閡更深一層。
36. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object.
[參考譯文]予和機(jī)器人既是物理體，同樣也是文化現(xiàn)象。
37. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but, custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace.
[參考譯文]對(duì)于人腦的內(nèi)部活動(dòng)，我們認(rèn)為特別值得研究。但對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，我們卻覺(jué)得那不過(guò)是最最平常的行為而已。
38. John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual as over against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue over against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the language of his family.
[參考譯文]約翰·杜威曾經(jīng)十分認(rèn)真地說(shuō)過(guò)，風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣對(duì)個(gè)人的行為的影響與個(gè)人對(duì)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣的影響之比，正如一個(gè)人母語(yǔ)的詞匯總量與他兒時(shí)從家庭用語(yǔ)中學(xué)會(huì)的兒童用語(yǔ)之比。
39. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments.
[參考譯文]當(dāng)然，音樂(lè)文化的最生動(dòng)的物質(zhì)載體是樂(lè)器。
40. Through the study of instruments, as well as painting, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.
[參考譯文]通過(guò)對(duì)圖片、文字記載以及樂(lè)器等的研究，我們可以了解一千多年以前近東音樂(lè)傳入中國(guó)的情況，也可以勒出近東音樂(lè)的影響波及歐洲并導(dǎo)致交響樂(lè)的大部分樂(lè)器發(fā)展和演變的大致輪廓。
41. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply.
[參考譯文]戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)沖突與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不同，前者可以定義為社會(huì)實(shí)體之間彼此對(duì)立的抗?fàn)�，后者可定義為各個(gè)實(shí)體在單獨(dú)獲取供應(yīng)不足的物資時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的對(duì)抗。
42. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive.
[參考譯文]許多作家根據(jù)動(dòng)物世界為生存而進(jìn)行的斗爭(zhēng)中具有適者生存的規(guī)律這一點(diǎn)，論證戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是不可避免的。
43. As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in different ear about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all.
[參考譯文]正如在不同時(shí)代，塞繆爾·約翰遜博士所談?wù)摰呐坎嫉酪粯�，�?jì)算機(jī)的驚人之處不是它們的思考能力不如人類(lèi)，而是它們居然會(huì)思考。
44. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear.
[參考譯文]最后，人類(lèi)和計(jì)算機(jī)之間的界線將變得模糊起來(lái)。
45. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly.
[參考譯文]由于在其進(jìn)化期間，人類(lèi)的生活節(jié)奏較為緩慢，人腦形成了固有的缺陷，不能同時(shí)接收來(lái)自多個(gè)渠道的信息并迅速進(jìn)行處理。
47. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say. 90 per cent of the time.
[參考譯文]理想的社會(huì)里，一定會(huì)有辦法來(lái)監(jiān)控產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。例如，對(duì)錄像機(jī)，可以通過(guò)反復(fù)設(shè)計(jì)，最終達(dá)到，比方說(shuō)，使90%的用戶(hù)在90%的情況下能正確使用其90%的功能。
47. We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead.
[參考譯文]要想知道未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子，我們就要回顧過(guò)去。或者：回顧過(guò)去，我們可以據(jù)此展望未來(lái)。
48. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots.
[參考譯文]如果20年前的人們預(yù)想現(xiàn)在的情況，恐怕誰(shuí)也無(wú)法預(yù)見(jiàn)到僅集成電路塊一項(xiàng)發(fā)明，一旦將其運(yùn)用于個(gè)人電腦、數(shù)字通信和工廠機(jī)器人身上，會(huì)給世界帶來(lái)怎樣的變化。
49. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.
[參考譯文]然而，有趣的是，如果長(zhǎng)相平平的女士和漂亮的女士都有突然獲得成功，人們會(huì)認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)相平平的女士的人際關(guān)系比漂亮女士好，而她們的能力卻不如漂亮女士。
50. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to ” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications.
[參考譯文]大多數(shù)的這類(lèi)書(shū)和一些章節(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)如何進(jìn)行采訪，而不是研究采訪的概念性問(wèn)題，比如采訪的概念性問(wèn)題，比如采訪的背景以及含義。這些章節(jié)主要見(jiàn)于，但也不限于，報(bào)章雜志、廣播手冊(cè)以及新聞報(bào)道的書(shū)籍中。
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